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Metallurgy

Class 10 Science - Chapter 8 Important Questions

⚒️ Ore Processing | Metal Extraction | Alloys | Corrosion Prevention
Copper (Cu)
Iron (Fe)
Aluminium (Al)
Gold (Au)

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Metallurgy Fact: Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earth's crust, but it's never found free in nature because it's highly reactive. It's extracted from bauxite ore through electrolysis.
Potassium (K) - Most Reactive
Sodium (Na)
Calcium (Ca)
Magnesium (Mg)
Aluminium (Al)
Zinc (Zn)
Iron (Fe)
Lead (Pb)
Copper (Cu)
Silver (Ag)
Gold (Au) - Least Reactive
📘 Subject: Science Part 1
📗 Chapter 8: Metallurgy
🎓 Class: 10 (Maharashtra Board)
✅ Status: Original & Copyright-Free
Very Short Answer Questions
1–2 Marks Each
  1. Define metallurgy.
    Basic Definition
  2. What is an ore?
    Metal Source
  3. What is gangue?
    Impurities
  4. Name two native metals.
    Native Metals
  5. Define calcination.
    Heating Process
  6. Define roasting.
    Heating Process
  7. Give one method of refining metals.
    Refining Method
  8. What is an alloy?
    Metal Mixture
  9. Give one example of an alloy of iron.
    Alloy Example
  10. What is corrosion?
    Metal Degradation
Short Answer Questions
3–4 Marks Each
  1. Explain the steps involved in metallurgy.
    Metallurgy Process
    1. Concentration → 2. Extraction → 3. Refining
  2. Distinguish between calcination and roasting.
    Heating Methods Comparison
    Calcination: Heating without air | Roasting: Heating with air
  3. Explain the extraction of aluminium from bauxite.
    Aluminium Extraction
    Bauxite → Bayer's Process → Alumina → Electrolysis → Aluminium
  4. Explain the extraction of iron from hematite.
    Iron Extraction
    Hematite → Blast Furnace → Pig Iron → Steel Making
  5. Explain the extraction of copper from copper pyrite.
    Copper Extraction
    CuFeS₂ → Roasting → Smelting → Bessemerization → Electrorefining
  6. List three common alloys and their uses.
    Alloys & Applications
    Alloy Composition Uses
    Steel Fe + C + other metals Construction, Tools
    Brass Cu + Zn Musical instruments, Decorative
    Bronze Cu + Sn Statues, Coins
  7. Explain the importance of reactivity series in metallurgy.
    Reactivity Series Significance
  8. Describe the process of galvanization.
    Corrosion Prevention
    Coating iron/steel with zinc to prevent rusting
  9. Give two methods to prevent corrosion.
    Corrosion Prevention Methods
  10. Why is electrolytic refining used for some metals?
    Refining Method Reasoning
Long Answer Questions
5 Marks Each
  1. Describe the complete process of metallurgy with examples.
    Comprehensive Process Description
    Ore → Concentration → Extraction → Refining → Pure Metal
  2. Explain the extraction of a reactive metal like aluminium.
    Reactive Metal Extraction
  3. Explain the extraction of a moderately reactive metal like iron.
    Moderate Metal Extraction
  4. Discuss the formation and uses of alloys.
    Alloys Formation & Uses
  5. Explain corrosion of metals and the methods to prevent it.
    Corrosion & Prevention
Reasoning / Application-Based Questions
Conceptual Understanding
  1. Why is aluminium extracted by electrolysis and not by carbon reduction?
    Extraction Method Reasoning
  2. Why is limestone added in the blast furnace during iron extraction?
    Flux Function Reasoning
  3. Why are some metals found in native form while others in ores?
    Occurrence Reasoning
  4. Why is zinc used for galvanizing iron?
    Protection Method Reasoning
  5. Why is electrolytic refining necessary for copper?
    Refining Method Reasoning